Spain has authorized a €3.2-billion modernization program for its F100 (Álvaro de Bazán-class) frigates, to be executed by Navantia over a 120-month period. The effort will extend the fleet’s service life to 2045, address system obsolescence, standardize upgrades, improve efficiency, and ensure environmental compliance. The project is expected to generate €215 million in annual GDP impact and support roughly 3,500 jobs. The 146.7-meter Aegis-equipped ships feature SPY-1D radar, MK 41 VLS, Harpoon missiles (to be replaced with Naval Strike Missiles), and a full suite of anti-air, anti-surface, and anti-submarine capabilities. Powered by LM2500 turbines and Caterpillar diesels, they reach 28 knots and sail 4,500 nautical miles at cruising speed.
